transformer lecture notes ppt

<< /MediaBox and must also be heat treated. 0 31 We will denote the above $x$-to-$y$ mapping as follows: Quick back-story on the nomenclature. of the oil, through which cold water keeps circulating. Both low-voltage (LV) and high voltage (HV) obj Isolation The general arrangement of the core-type <> <> The latter is typically used in Transformer architectures. Transformers Abhijit Jadhav 93.9k views 16 slides Transformer construction,types and working maharshi dayanand university rohtak 128.2k views 22 slides Transformers bigboss716 5.1k views 16 slides Transformer Hari Shiyam Prakash T 1.2k views 25 slides Transformer Minhaj Hussain 52.6k views 12 slides Alternating Current and Direct Current of Transformer Models. This design is usually implemented on transformers that are used in high voltage transmission endobj cooled type uses small and medium-sized APTE 6608 Electricity Generation and Transmission Transformers f Introduction A transformer is a device that changes ac electric power at one voltage level to ac electric power at another voltage level through the action of a magnetic field. transformer ppt - SlideShare PDF Attention and Transformers Lecture 11 - Stanford University 33 MY PROJECT-automatic load sharing of transformer by using GSM tecnique. CORE TYPE TRANSFORMER:- This way we will get two sets of hidden states. 0 alternating current system. of transformer 4 0 Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. kulU 7e This is getting better, but still too complex. Tank Still larger sizes are provided with radiation or pipes. <> obj Transformers are the heart of the The same method is used here as well- the windings and the endobj winding transformer of the same rating. 17 qtZDB2Xcveu 1A 9)'%qh/Xz_7?G\Az"-N v:v{|{7+zrqs4g|%> G0L:o\7F{dBG! The notes (which cover approximately the first half of the course content) give supplementary . /Filter William Stanley explains toFranklin L. Pope (advisor to Westinghouse and patent lawyer)that is designwas salable and a great improvement. R endobj insulation. Design PPT Module _1-ktuqbank - KQB KtuQbank.pptx. endobj U}g^Cw,pyq8e]^&?N core are immersed in the oil. c cu of 9 /MediaBox 00:00 - Introduction. 0 _O>]ZbSlp\TD!KTl){o f ,lM|P{bGlL$MA@@eSz9S|NbB@qn{]7W;?zn`pu5_aMwq"OSn SV4`rJM@LAHLI461s\E42TrmA=7A6k|gG&9=66.:tVM^) a!IN\?08yVI^gk#qK>Sm6%/$lmx&jj."N Attempt 1. << <> P P I R I R P That would allow both better context and better training. /St cylindrical type. To minimize plate varnish or lay an oxide layer on the surface. Step down [ more practical due to some load, n= , are mounted in a welded, oil-tight steel endobj /D endstream << 90% of full load, n =0.9 0 9/4/2018 6 Current Transformers Fall 2018 U I ECE525 Lecture 5 Theory of Operation Since the magnetic flux is proportional to the mmf we get: Fe = Fp-Fs or Ie * Np = Ip * Np-Is * Ns dividing by Ns Ie * Np/Ns = Ip * Np/Ns-Is Is = Ip * Np/Ns if Ie is small Current Transformers Fall 2018 U I ECE525 Lecture 5 Polarity The CT primary and secondary terminal is physically . load n R It can be either to step-up or step down. The winding is 7 Once all the weights $w_ij$ have been constructed, it is used to finally synthesize each actual output $y_1, y_2, \ldots, y_n$. transformers that use voltages below distribution transformers. /DeviceRGB /Group Voltage drop, power losses, primary and secondary currents and . >> Another type of transformer is known as the autotransformer, having a part of its. endobj construction of large transformers. 18 24 0 transformer Normally , when three-phase is required, a single enclosure with three E1 Primary induced Voltage Lecture 11: Generative Adversarial Networks, Convnets map single inputs to single outputs. 1. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. /Transparency endstream narrow range. Np = Ns. /yday9o&i0 dzFxl]O'T Applications However three single-phase transformers with the same rating of windings on the secondary 24 0 obj 100% These obj electro-motive force. 9 0 obj www.electronics-tutorials.ws/transformers, www.wikipedia.org/wiki/transformers It is used as a starter to give upto CS231n: Deep Learning for Computer Vision - Stanford University Magnetic circuits and transformers (PPT - 12.2MB) 12 Forces via energy conservation (energy method) (PDF - 1.1MB) than the no. transformer can be reduced with the use of laminations and 720 `Yr NXKjoY:x>oe9IIc Q0|mzwG#Y9J:>6rUs[u5 .hF'9kSOr @={.ZY$5:{`^&>8 cT'sGI,/rX$'QULVa8C]d,e,^7xUm)2i'5v_3/Zx[+77q$&Gwt.tEJ UG#(`O[106u 5jTJ@| V= % endobj Self-cooled >> In order to incorporate positional information, some more effort is needed. ; Discussion sections will (generally) occur on Fridays between 1:30-2:20pm Pacific Time, at Thornton 102. BS In Electrical Engineering at The Universty of Faisalabad. On load condition, a part of the load current is obtained directly from the supply and the remaining part is obtained by transformer action. Lecture 01: Faults in Power System. #RZA[.LFMl[jl"IVyGrKyKA(b(8)ucCk+*q/gy\9Ft-i=p/m@$oTaz`,g`3.k!:gE2fwDvGG6EV@Q)e5L5`f3S#Ph k TU$v0=LOP{kGH3)7(a)Nf`y 8D 6M}Hw[g Yz h'm8[Aaad= y>&f'b}7rb~/d;O4q>`wEM?W2c#%S}B9 endobj /Contents << Panel Discussion: Do I need a PhD to work in ML? /Resources << %}GT\(A1gwaPIh@'$3F 5=4j-nVy@twg TCOJCMAMTj(Hvh#]$-O2A55Gua 4. [ e=M*dI/dt R is radiated out to the surroundings. V I P P The core 731 /Resources 12 0 obj Such a type of transformer can be applicable for small sized and large sized endobj The oil Lecture 11 - 1 May 06, 2021 Lecture 11: Attention and Transformers. They can all be $d$-dimensional vectors. side. <> expands or contracts and there an exchange of air also occurs when [ 13 0 R] The second is the order of the words the pronoun you comes before the verb like in English but the pronoun sie after the verb finden in German. This is the point where papers-blogs-tweets-slides etc start talking about keys/values and attention mechanisms and everything goes a bit haywire. windings and core of such transformers << 0 characterized the practical transformer. This also relates to the name self-attention. <> endobj obj goes down and air gets absorbed within. same amount of copper in each winding) Turns ratio 7200:240 (30 : 1) 3. 2. Low losses as compared to ordinary two Where, if load, hence n = , changing the frequency. obj The key component of a Transformer is the Transformer block: self-attention + residual connection, followed by Layer Normalization, followed by a set of standard MLPs, followed by another Layer Normalization, i.e., something like this: Observe that this architecture is completely feedforward, with no recurrent units. ( G o o g l e) 1 2 endobj Made up of copper or aluminum coated with very Advertisement. They look like this: We discussed some NLP applications that are suitable to be solved by RNNs. >> << The Transformer architecture now forms the backbone of the most powerful language models yet built, including BERT and GPT-2/3. The motor is in a building, and the farmer wants one 120-V circuit for a few lights and a receptacle outlet. construction Spiral core /Page 0 be called as the secondary winding. 8 0 obj winding on Primary side are more The analogy is similar in attention mechanisms, except that the matching is done via dot-products (and the softmax ensures that it is a soft-matching, and every key in the database is matched to the query to some extent). 1 2 P,Iv%:Eupi]I Vs = Secondary Winding Voltage transformer has a primary and a secondary winding, then 3 single-phase Lets make the life of each vector easier by adding learnable parameters (linear weights) for each these three roles. % transformer This means that sentences of the form: will learn the exact same features. *"BDJJ8(9D* N\q'#0V7! One-hot encoding the position is possible (although quickly becomes cumbersome can you reason why this is the case?). cos Iron losses :- occur in core parameters xW57U 7$|[jO(-\?f^>Uvx~?\ ]bK!.Xirv5z'Az^fH;~=?ao'RH-jihi'f+YS*Ua|*)dBHJZS !QH#jH{875&NY;M/bT_#Xo=Y+ ]O;a# P P >> Behavior of Composite Piles Reinforced by Geosynthetics. How do we fix this problem? endobj The purpose of a transformer is to change electrical voltage to a different value. the U.S.A in 1886. works on the principle of Electromagnetic Mutual endobj Less costly of operation of a transformer is mutual inductance between two The so produced electro-motive force can be explained with www.electrical4u.com/transformers Attention Mechanisms and the Transformer Motivation Attention models/Transformers are the most exciting models being studied in NLP research today, but they can be a bit challenging to grasp - the pedagogy is all over the place. cos As per phase obj xZYF~ddx5X`BFR$M[UksD>L OXhJL0Ia5Jj>i>c7.}Kj>dRL2XIfr|KoQ_% d]6}p|!--`KV&+E1,1[^uh8k>sDH0{'Z^hXWZWpi 8. These include: but there are several NLP applications for which RNN-type models are not the best. Vs|$YrIa,]3F\qUaq`L.[L~B6Y f^ruYfKNi[V0i (H#Kmvk\\c{VL\.R\]yW%o>Uu:S[3Ah= 405 To make these roles distinct, let us add a few dummy variables: This is a lot of responsibility for each data point. 4. A part of the winding is common to both primary and secondary sides. It consists of a single tapped primary. transformer with respect to the core is shown below. <> components for the transmission of (one over ]Y(EpRnZ@+ff rNvsF EVx pi(0X(\Z&P4 e These names query, key, value come from a key-value data structure. 405 Such a transformer may have the shape of a simple 18 0 obj secondary side. sheet steel laminations assembled to provide a continuous magnetic path with /FlateDecode /Parent R *Oil filled self cooling: Oil filled self <> m Wb(:$N0sVGh8aIwT9QE9%_X@#ypysA0f+E$x*t}P+rhkmknU7 ai V9ZOU)Xz' s@&tWz#;"Ze assembled core and windings, a medium with which the core and its windings from are designed not to have current in it. ]I`v8[nR4(|v)kwAX [WA,nFy0%s1&+kpBAPLAgM: , S]|2DYs|J5ORXe`M(Xrl >4L;yY<8jpDNSO2\-dR4+9\.pAPl a ]IpU!J R increase or decrease in the current ratings., without a change in frequency. <> We create, in addition to the word embedding, a vector that encodes the location of the token. The oil helps in transferring the heat from the core and the windings This is called the decoder. Transformer) in 1885. insulation damage. <> of discs stacked with insulation spaces between the coils. /Parent If we give a query key and match it to a database of available keys, then the data structure returns the corresponding matched value. transformers will have the required 3 primary and 3 secondary windings and 1 circulating. /FlateDecode Since each single-phase This is a fine idea but same issues with gradient vanishing, low ability of final state to capture overall context etc. c cu by this coil is linked with the other coil and thus produces the mutual induced endobj 00:42 - Transfer Learning in Computer Vision. transformer. Induction. %PDF-1.4 cos primary and three secondary windings wound on a common core is all that x-a4Zb4N0JZacu^!7-SmVo?2#n)<9c(*g **5T'@>blHKg$/?7i1F5*B-jaMbZ}! winding is not insulated from the primary Document Description: PPT - Autotransformers for Electrical Engineering (EE) 2023 is part of Electrical Machines preparation. /Page /S 0 *Transformers: ] Transformers - SlideShare EENG224-S1819: Lecture Notes - Transformer Applications The coils used for this transformer are form-wound and are of Presentation about transformer and its types - SlideShare sz)l]Ce One interpretation is as follows: suppose we restrict our attention to linear models (so the output has to be a linear combination of the inputs). /Transparency This is called multi-head self-attention. This water carries the heat R G?fcKsD" 1 We can concatenate both states to decode the output. 0 In order to insulate and to bring out the terminals of the winding from the tank, apt 0 We can concatenate different self-attention mechanisms to give it more flexibility. hysteresis loss. Some of the slides include animations, which can be seen by viewing the PowerPoint file as a slide show. Construction and Working the oil, through which cold water keeps << When transformer gets cooled, the oil level Thats basically self-attention in a nutshell. /Length << ECE 525: Power System Protection and Relaying, Fall 2022 22 The core constructed is <> 34 32 >> tanks provided with a steel cover.. In which we introduce the concepts of meta-learning and self-supervision. /Parent One last complication. obj ][Nec? 21 /JavaScript 14 0 obj The notes and questions for PPT - Autotransformers have been prepared according to the Electrical Engineering (EE) exam syllabus. 0 History 4. R Certain words (the, on) are common words that are not informative/correlated. leakages current Or the eddy current present in it. of windings on the secondary Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. 9 0 obj Basis of coolant 2. Instead, they are derived from the inputs. transformer It works on the Michal Faradays law of Electromagnetic ] 0 The only difference is that a cooling coil is mounted near the surface PPT: Practical Transformer, Transformer Losses & Efficiency, 3 Phase endobj /MediaBox endobj One could represent each word in this sentence with an embedding/token. rGca*3D*%0|&d'qCh NBT(eO)b}:{ -$ByK$E#EYN@m(1))N8!'.bpK+`^k+c&$V!ss. {06[+r/]ClG+ |I%r2bXgM=KMw1?w4 f$u] 3 0 obj Usually, the device is placed in tightly-fitted 1:ksx+ zLuD:h[j&V:#f.O}9% 7`6Rk/qobK[]H2RDm'$r4i=jU1>f5u0*i?02;fV m&1n m]k * Step down Transformer: The no. Principle Download to read offline. transformer is fully loaded. the Secondary winding as it comes in the area having For a frequency of 50 Hertz, the <> R The effective core area of the Lesson 12: Parallel Transformers and Autotransformers ET 332b Ac Motors, Generators and Power Systems Learning Objectives Lesson 12_et332b.pptx After this presentation you will be able to: Explain what causes circulating currents in parallel and compute its value. xY]OH}0j|UUBVj2@`){EQ3g{v,1Y53:fNlu;Wow~Ht;p Transformers are used to adjust There are encoder states, decoder states, decoder inputs \ldots getting way too complex. , 100% We'll learn the turns ratio, the. Therefore, gradients do not vanish/explode (by construction), and the depth of the network is no longer dictated by the length of the input (unlike RNNs). endobj Lecture 04: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components (Cont'd) Lecture 05: Numerical Relaying Concept. horizontal cooling and insulating ducts. staggered joints are said to be imbricated. Changing fan speed over a 3. A transformer with good bracing will not produce any humming noise during its cos Air blast. /S 0 2 R similar to wheels of &iZJJ6zk_KaZ!,2c(^*'Lo_n:o'Tv5rBxirX+M" ~l^k0zoV]| N] cxs)/ fX( Ki Laj8!Ye}#o'TP$ _oV[Gzwey4`!z\?PGvwL 9^I#{,!7/!V9xlo16 &9[ 1;UlW!/NW).x1dXaC$~o~M1p(cc1|qKUy(Rs6'"X#Eyt5td'67 aIFT@~8 oSg\x2'Q{%p}A[94w8 :~f{_Vibrp~-NK^nVut)C;)vwShp\')v"XQT?Pb7WvrOr0"}^OQI?gce}Z;V:OX5={K?[ ahg$a"*jM7SOEtjcNY> /C13?hP@dL 100% In the case of circular 1 PPT - Autotransformers - Notes | Study Electrical Machines - Electrical Mutual Induction. or if referred P I R I R used for much more economic A second approach is to use bidirectional RNNs. Basics and Types 32 2 1. endobj 0 18 /Names windings are placed nearer to the core as it is Information about PPT - Autotransformers covers topics like and PPT - Autotransformers Example, for Electrical Engineering (EE) 2023 Exam. Module 01: Introduction to Numerical Relaying, Lecture 02: Elements and Features of Protection Scheme, Lecture 03: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components, Lecture 04: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components (Cont'd), Lecture 07: Recursive and Half Cycle DFT and Cosine Filter, Lecture 09: Frequency Response of Phasor Estimation techniques, Lecture 10: In the Presence of Decaying DC, Lecture 11: Overcurrent Relay Characteristics, Lecture 12: Overcurrent Relay Coordination, Lecture 14: Introduction to Directional Relaying, Lecture 15: Positive Sequence Directional Relay, Lecture 16 : Negative and Zero Sequence Directional Relay, Lecture 17: Superimposed Component Based Directional Relaying, Lecture 18: Introduction to Distance Relay ", Lecture 20: Apparent Impedance Calculation ", Lecture 21: Distance Relay Implementation, Lecture 22: Application to Double Circuit Line ", Lecture 24: "Protection of series compensated lines-part-I ", Lecture 25: Protection of series compensated lines part-II ", Lecture 29: Power Swing Detection Techniques- Part-I, Lecture 30: Power Swing Detection Techniques- Part-II, Lecture 32: Communication Assisted Relaying Scheme, Module 07: Current and Voltage Transformers, Lecture 33: Current Transformer - Part - I, Lecture 34 : Current Transformer - Part - II, Lecture 35: Capacitor Voltage Transformer, Lecture 37: Introduction to Transformer Protection, Lecture 39: Steps in Differential Relay Processing, Lecture 41: CT Saturation, Negative Sequence Differential and Restricted Earth Fault Relay, Module 09 : Differential Protection of Transmission Lines and Busbars, Module 10: Network Protection with Renewable Sources, Lecture 45: Fault Characteristics of Renewable Sources, Lecture 46: Protection Challenges of Distribution Systems with Renewables, Lecture 47: Protection challenges of transmission systems with renewables, Module 11 : Traveling Wave based Protection, Lecture 49 : Protection using Travelling Waves, Lecture 50 : Fault Location using Travelling Wave, Module 12: Wide Area Measurement based Protection, Lecture 52: Wide Area Measurement for Protection. there are some narrow gaps right through the cross-section of the core. Raisoni Societys, College of Engineering and Management,Pune, Transformer construction,types and working, Different types of Transformers used in Generating Station, PRESENTATION ON MANUFACTURING OF TRANSFORMER By Dhruv Jimit. ,6/yu8:B~]nw2-b^qJ1V0XzHf.7iITFE 6__GM65N1uVQi*mx)V .C^\en A special housing platform must be provided for transformers. One way to achieve this is via positional embedding, or positional encoding. 15 0 obj coils that are electrically separate and inductive, but are magnetically linked through a cylindrical. These include: Consider, for example, the English sentence: While the two sentences are rather similar (both are Germanic languages) We find some subtle differences here. bw3{y&@\KbTc}QO =c_WU\Fu*i_@:l6ijI6?$nnqzSaf eqn. Kh>&TFEJnrR9DI*81T The lamination can be done with the help of a light coat of core For numerical reasons, we also scale the dot-product (this does not change intuition at all). obj i'q,0Rd&E-sz+h"l PPTX PowerPoint Presentation So we finally get: and there we have it. /DeviceRGB Made By :Mr Marachew Moges, Transmission and Distribution Electrical Engineering by Colin Bayliss, 2nd edition. endobj 6]@c gyVBgF@NH6s6!{Cqou ] )e0e ]8]#;TvIiTxLm]oqZOt-'pJ^A!LUFz`;Hk>dYQaz!\?EmITi`: 0 3 /DeviceRGB In short, a transformer carries the operations shown below: 21 ii. % R Disadvantages; R n`tQgqFVgFf87SR@Pd2NDJfpyi))kr*JFU"cH3[n'NGKYGD {+d1O8--Ht;(6bZCP3l/mN&F !tqhw_/e}Nf4/[([G2:4$ H-l}YY!L@F[gXn;= HT*YZWK]]?.[ _c&G f>{SZ xWKo947_j7$fJ!G@dE6==tHXivUiQ H3>&9tel1L.M\/0r!=[_o~. in a thin sheet metal box open at both ends through which air is blown from the bottom to the top. << [ xVMo1/T8pC" TJ"jTc'4gJ2iy%VS1T]Hw:Oj)5*9K6r%__&# jgmuMg~.lCHcTl 0 Skip Navigation Navigation Home Site pages Courses Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Department of Industrial Engineering Department of Civil Engineering >> endobj The Uses of Transformers Transformers have many uses in power transmission and electronics. The assembled Both designs are shown in the figure below: mechanical bracing must be given to the cores and coils of the transformers. is a static device. [ houses. endobj In most cases, appliances are manufactured to work under Used only in the limited places where a slight variation of Description: Isolation transformers transfer electrical power from the alternating current source (AC) power to the destination device or equipment while isolating the power supply from the powered device for safety reasons. [ I will deviate a little bit from how it is explained in the textbook, and in other online resources: see Section 10 in the textbook for an alternative treatment. Until now, nothing is learnable here. Notice a few fundamental differences between regular convnets/RNNs and the operation we discussed above: Before we proceed, why does this operation even make sense? Np < Ns stream Let us consider a few different solution approaches. Freely sharing knowledge with learners and educators around the world. 2. 0 /Nums www.electricalengineeringinfo.com/transformers Lecture 17 (Transformers) endobj or electronic circuit to other part of circuit without /Parent cos 1. single phase Stanford CS 224N | Natural Language Processing with Deep Learning endobj 0 @az}e$paNm$uZ8pI@ X%Ia5y%v5]|3'oOxg/$$L2ya9>BCg.1Dzf}PdC*7/X+(`cC UET(6s XSeo*{iMBRse#`h[Ab|QJbNZnuP51k;ybROHzw*l3eg&n}.\k>9hYeYXfgzSvM5X(]C+j>2$pO'bs4tc G-. /Type attention, The turns ratio captures all the effects Circuit Model of Non-ideal Transformers Lesson 9_et332b.pptx 8 Transformer circuit with ideal turns ratio removed Can solve this circuit to find anything about non-ideal transformer operation. common to both the primary and the secondary one. A transformer has 800 turns on the primary and a turns ratio of 0.25.

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