Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Each statue represented an individual in continual prayer as a stand-in for the actual individual who was busy living, tending to crops, cooking food, and raising children. In 534 B.C., a kshatriya prince named Siddhartha Gautama left the comforts of his home to find an explanation of suffering. In Tang dynasty China (A.D. 618 to 907) Buddhism produced a brilliant culture that greatly influenced all nearby countries in East Asia.Buddhism History, In the 3rd century B.C., Ashoka the Great, the Mauryan Indian emperor, made Buddhism the state religion of India. Prompt 2: Evaluate the extent to which the diffusion of Islam impacted the development of African states in the 1200 - 1450 time period. Direct link to Swami Prithvi's post I heard that there is a t, Posted 9 years ago. West , and the core beliefs and practices of these religions continued to shape societies in Africa and Asia. They spread the religion by publicly preaching to attempt converting those who didn't believe in their customs and traditions (in other words, they tried to convert the non-believers through public speaking about the greatness of Buddhism). What were the cultural impacts of the arrival of Buddhism? missions and colonialism Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia The first clear evidence of the spread of Buddhism outside India dates from the reign of King Ashoka (3rd century bce), whose inscriptions show that he sent Buddhist missionaries to many different regions of the subcontinent as well as into certain border areas. Describe the intellectual innovations and transfers of Muslim States: What effects did these innovations have in Dar al-Islam? Why do Buddhist believe that following the Eightfold path leads to a better life? It's founder, Siddhartha Gautama, established the religion in India as well, nearly 2000 years ago. "Mission" never figured in the systematic lists of practices, virtues, or spiritual attainments so carefully articulated by Buddhists around the world. Missionaries had to travel to distant lands to spread Buddhist teachings. Bhaja Caves, c. 3rd century B.C.E. What role did missionaries play in Buddhism? Buddhism arrived first in the northern kingdom of Kogury and then gradually spread into the other two kingdoms. Very similar, but still subtly different. Explain how and why states in Africa developed and changed over time. What role did missionaries have in spreading Buddhism? These sites include Lumbini where the Buddha was born, Bodh Gaya where he achieved enlightenment and the knowledge of the dharma (the Four Noble Truths), Sarnath (Deer Park) where he preached his first sermon sharing the, Great Stupa, Sanchi, India, 3rd century B.C.E. The first was the stupa, a significant object in Buddhist art and architecture. Explain how and why states in the Americas developed and changed over time. These larger organizational structures involved their own hierarchical orderings based on highly contested interpretations of the Buddha's teachings and practices and early Buddhist history; the different accounts of the establishment of the dispensation were therefore consequential in terms of transregional political and religious diplomacy, alliance and enmity, and prestige. Evaluate the extent to which belief systems and practices impacted South and Southeast Asian societies in the 1200 - 1450 time period. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. An engaging primary source for memories of Indian and central Asian dharma -transmitters in China is Kathryn Ann Tsai, trans., Lives of the Nuns: Biographies of Chinese Buddhist Nuns from the Fourth to Sixth Centuries (Honolulu, 1994). In the 13th century, empires and states in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas displayed continuity, creativity, and diversity. Ajanta, Cave 19 (interior), photo: Kirk Kittell (CC BY-NC 2.0), Eventually, the rock-cut monasteries became quite complex. prevent a civil war from happening 27 Apr. After 49 consecutive days of meditation, Gautama became the Buddha, or enlightened one. Where did missionaries spread Buddhism? Explain how and why various states of South and Southeast Asia developed and maintained power over time. Coupled with the consistent attraction to Buddhist teachings and practicesperhaps in part for these reasonsevinced by an urban middle class that from the time of Aoka onward was increasingly involved in transregional trade, these factors simply allowed Buddhists to be more mobile than their would-be competitors. Why did prince Siddhartha leave a confortable home and loving family? 2023 . Monks and nuns also instructed the lay practitioner on how to conduct the rituals, how to meditate, and advised them about which Buddhist deity to focus on (this depended on the issue or obstacle in the practitioners path to Enlightenment). There will be people who understand, monks. What role did missionaries play in spreading Buddhism? It contained a monastery and shrine. This included the Song Dynasty of China, which utilized traditional methods of Confucianism and an imperial bureaucracy to maintain and justify its rule. Direct link to Danielle Koch's post My understanding is that , Posted 10 years ago. 2 (1838): 687, 716717, 1050. Explain the impact of the Roman Catholic Church on Western Europe: Europe was politically fragmented and characterized by. B. Horner, trans., The Book of the Discipline (Vinaya-piaka ), vol. 4: Mahvagga, pp. ." Readers seeking a general introduction to the rise and extent of the pan-Buddhist world would also do well to consult Heinz Bechert and Richard Gombrich, eds., The World of Buddhism: Buddhist Monks and Nuns in Society and Culture (New York, 1984), a richly illustrated collection of essays on the different regions composed by eminent scholars. ii. Direct link to Edge (aka Dr. Rennie of Vulf) Bourret's post When did more strict vers, Posted 8 years ago. Direct link to hjfgdfs's post Yes, Hinduism is a religi, Posted 3 years ago. Encyclopedia of Religion. The economy of Song China became increasingly commercialized while continuing to depend on. What role did missionaries play in spreading Buddhism? This comparative framework originally contributed to Christian missionary self-confidence, portraying their approach as a middle-ground between overly forceful (Muslim) mission and overly tolerant (Buddhist) mission. Unlike missionary spirit or the desire to convert others, such compassion for others' suffering figures prominently in lists of virtues and accomplishments across the Buddhist tradition. How did the Srivijaya Empire develop and maintain power? to first century C.E., photo: Sites special to King Ashoka (304232 B.C.E. Eventually monastic complexes were created for the monks close enough to a town in order to receive alms or charity from the villagers, but far enough away so as not to be disturbed during meditation. struggle to be a better muslim what is jihad? These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Chinese translation of Sanskrit and Pali texts obtained in India and Sri Lanka (which was often compared with the voluminous output of Christian mission presses) lasted at least until the eighth century, while Tibetan translations of Indian and Chinese texts only began in the eighth century and Mongolia only received the dispensation, from Tibet, in the sixteenth century. Beyond the polemics and politics they also effected feelings of gratitude for the efforts made by the "pleasers" who brought the dispensation to their kingdoms, renewed commitment to practice and, at least in the case of Upagupta, hope for worldly and spiritual assistance, and would have helped cultivate that compassion for others that lies at the heart of the tradition. 9096) was the construct "Buddhist mission" even questioned (Rhys Davids pointed out its inapplicability to the texts about Aoka and its inconsistency with the utter lack of missiological literature in the premodern tradition, though she did not totally abandon the concept). Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. A valuable collection of essays by Sri Lankan Anagrika Dharmapla (18641933), the world's first Buddhist missionary proper, is Ananda Guruge, ed., Return to Righteousness: A Collection of Speeches, Essays, and Letters of the Anagarika Dharmapala (Colombo, Ceylon, 1965). ." Ashoka sent missionaries to neighboring regions, helping begin the spread of Buddhism far outside the Indian subcontinent. Long story short, no, Hinduism is a different religion from Buddhism. My understanding is that Mahayana ("Great Vehicle") and Hinayana ("Defective Vehicle") are two traditions; Mahayana focusing on achieving a buddha-state, and Hinayana focusing on achieving nirvana. "Missions: Buddhist Missions What role did missionaries play in spreading Buddhism? Egil Lothe, "Mission in Theravada Buddhism," Ph.D. diss. Explain the systems of government employed by Chinese dynasties and how they developed over time. By the 1870s "Buddhist mission" had been theorized further by early historians of religions as a . If the term Buddhist mission shows up the danger in cross-cultural application of categories derived from particular religions, it also exemplifies the powerful impact that scholarly discourses can have upon the actual practice of the religions they analyze. 1 What role did missionaries have in spreading Buddhism? A form of Buddhism, Theravada Buddhism, is not monotheistic nor polytheistic, and is instead the faith of the Buddha's teachings. During Ashokas reign in the 3rd century B.C.E., the Mahabodhi Temple (the Great Temple of Enlightenment where Buddha achieved his knowledge of the dharmathe Four Noble Truths) was built in Bodh Gaya, currently in the Indian state of Bihar in northern India. Clearly, the dispensation did not become established fully formed in a single moment anywhere in the Buddhist world. It was a mutually beneficial relationship. The Buddha's actions in this moment were important to later Buddhists as a watershed in the history of the monastic community (sagha ), especially in the emergence of monastic discipline (Vinaya ). Twenty-two caves are located at the site. But it was subsequently mentionedand often made the underlying historical forcein virtually every English-language work on Buddhism, world religions, and especially Buddhist history published from Turnour's day up to and including the present; in this sense the bibliography on Buddhist mission nearly overlaps with the entire bibliography on Buddhism or, for that matter, "world religions.". Direct link to E Simms's post Are their any active Budd, Posted 3 months ago. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The person was depicted with hands clasped in prayer (at the heart center) with eyes wide open in perpetual engagement with the gods. Meditation Focusing the mind on spiritual ideas The Buddha Founder of Buddhism, born an Indian prince named siddharta Gautama Buddhism Religion based on the teachings of Buddha Nirvana A state of perfect peace Missionaries People who spread and teach religious beliefs Why did prince Siddhartha leave a confortable home and loving family? Buddhist monasteries were built, and missionary work was encouraged. under the altars of churches throughout the city of Rome For an important theoretical statement of the idea of Buddhist mission and the configuration of the history of religions according to the distinction of "missionary" and "non-missionary" religions, see F. Max Mller, On Missions: A Lecture Delivered in Westminster Abbey, on December 3, 1873 (New York, 1874). But in Buddhism, there is no concept of the soul. in underground passages and rooms called catacombs The monastery typically becomes the spiritual focus of the nearest town or village. As late as the fifteenth century, Burmese ambassador-monks greeted Sri Lankan hosts by invoking their shared version of the Aokan transmission legend, and even in the nineteenth-century Burmese chronicle Ssanavasa, new claims associating this transmission with the kingdoms of peninsular southeast Asia were advanced. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/missions-buddhist-missions, "Missions: Buddhist Missions Christianity, Judaism, Islam, and the core beliefs and practices of these religions continued to shape societies in Europe. During the early nineteenth century, Buddhist monks allowed Christian missionaries to use their temples for rallies and politely refused challenges and taunts that they debate comparative doctrine or salvation; missionaries regularly complained that Buddhists would listen to sermons and even enact approbation without undergoing the existential "conversion" that was a hallmark of Christian missionary discourse and expectations. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Chaitya at Karle near Lonavala, Maharashtra, first century B.C.E, In India, by the 1st century, many monasteries were founded as learning centers on sites already associated with Buddha and Buddhism. The term Buddha means Siddartha Gautama, a price who found enlightment; enlighted one. Many vernacular translation projects around the globe are still on-going. Direct link to rjvgtm707's post Difference between hinyaa, Posted 8 years ago. (April 27, 2023). According to these accounts, after attaining enlightenment and gathering together his first followers (later reckoned to be sixty in number), the Buddha, realizing that all of them were already saints (arhats ) who required no further guidance, gave them leave to depart, saying: Wander about on wanderings, monks. In Africa, as in Eurasia and the Americas, state systems demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity and expanded in scope and reach. The term Buddhist mission was invented in the 1830s to explain the religion's diffusion throughout Asia, and "missionary spirit" has been treated as an essential dimension of Buddhist spirituality in virtually all English-language works about Buddhism composed since. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. One of the most significant aspects of his conquest by dharma was his support of Buddhist missionaries. The twentieth century produced a vast discourse in English (and many other European and Asian languages) that is properly missiological: biographies of famous Buddhist missionaries and eulogistic histories of various Buddhist missions, treatises on Buddhist missionary strategies and calls for expansion of Buddhism based on global conversion statistics, discourse about competitor religions, missionary annuals and keepsake volumes, and missionary newspapers and websites. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. The caves are very similar to those at Bhaja. At that time none of the monastic rules had yet been promulgatedas perfected saints, the first sixty monks did not require rules. State formation and development demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity, including the new Hindu and Buddhist states that emerged in South and Southeast Asia. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Buddhists did not believe in sacrifices , the caste system, or that they needed the help of the Brahmins. What role did missionaries play in Buddhism in India, Sri Lanka, and Central Asia? MISSIONS: BUDDHIST MISSIONS. keep the balance of free and slave states Ashoka added one of his famous pillars at this locationpillars that not only proclaimed his acceptance of Buddhism, but also served as instructional objects on Buddhist ideology. What did saddartha believe the three causes of suffering? The line between Buddhist and non-Buddhist was left gray, it being unproblematic (as far as Buddhists were concerned) to continue practicing previous religions, save perhaps in terms of their unproductiveness in the Buddhist context. Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and the core beliefs and practices of these religions continued to shape societies in Africa and Asia. Confucian traditions of both respect for and expected deference from women, Chinese literary and scholarly traditions and their spread to Heian Japan and Korea. hope you understand Advertisement Answer 4 people found it helpful Ashi03 Missionaries played an important role in spreading Buddhism because they traveled to distant lands to spread Buddhist teachings. How much is a biblical shekel of silver worth in us dollars? South Increasingly employing the context-appropriate language of traditional Buddhist historianswho discussed the "spreading out" or "establishment" of (some particular sectarian version of) the dispensationrecent scholars have been able to better understand the various important phenomena hitherto lumped together as "Buddhist mission.". To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. What direction were the people and women moving? See answer Advertisement aliyahkamara215 Answer: mportant role, because they traveled to distant lands to spread Buddhist teachings. Because there were also few restrictions on public preaching and no secret doctrines to be guarded, explications of the dharma must have occurred quite often and naturally wherever Buddhists went. Direct link to sydneykollm98's post Are Hinduism different fr, Posted 3 years ago. Who was the Buddha, and what does the term Buddha mean? If someone was tired, is it likely she would be reluctant to sleep? Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Schooled people provided food and rest for travelers What specific role did Mother Teresa play? The spread of Buddhism was related directly to long-distance trade. Buddhism spread across Asia through networks of overland and maritime routes between India, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, and China. Explain the effects of innovation on the Chinese economy over time. These narratives hierarchically ordered various regional Buddhists within a single sectarian framework by making the entire regional dispensation derivative of (or preparatory for) a single original transmission portrayed in the sectarian garb of the monks and nuns who composed any particular account. Another beneficial absence among Buddhists was exclusion based on wealth, class, caste, gender, age, or educational/professional background. Advertisement New questions in History Advertisement fragmented, new Islamic political entities emerged, most of which were dominated by Turkic people. ), the first king (of northern India) to embrace Buddhism, were also integral to the building of monasteries. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Ashoka Pillar at Lumbini, Nepal the birthplace of the Buddha (photo: Charlie Phillips, CC: BY 2.0) The edicts Important role, because they traveled to distant lands to spread Buddhist teachings.The art and the teachings spread westward to Afghanistan and through Central Asia eastward to the Pacific -- to China, Korea, Japan, and what we now call Viet Nam. The final sentence of your context should narrow down to the topic of the prompt, tying your contextual statement to your thesis statement. This played a role in Asoka's rule because he wanted to spread Buddhism to unite diverse people within his empire. Explain how the beliefs and practices of the predominant religions in Europe affected European society. An enormous amount of primary ephemera related to modern Buddhist missions exists, but there is not yet a comprehensive scholarly account of them. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. 141 (London, 1959) (Mahpadnasutta =D. Unit 1: The Global Tapestry Exam Study Guide, Topic 1.1 Developments in East Asia from c. 1200 to c. 1450. But the wide divergence among various versions of this narrativeespecially as regards the identity of the patriarch, his lineage, his sectarian affiliation, and the future Buddhist centersuggests that they are better viewed as specific, even polemical, claims about their own times than as windows into actual Aokan history (there is no mention of Buddhist councils, nor of the dispensation-transmission, in the known Aokan epigraphs; scholars now agree that the legendary "missions" cannot be read into the diplomatic embassies Aoka does mention). Demonstrate the purified celibate life which is fully complete. Religious missionaries are people who go to an area to preach and spread their religion where it is not prominent. The first documented translation efforts by Buddhist monks in China were in the 2nd century CE via the Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory bordering the Tarim Basin under Kanishh, This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Explain how Hinduism impacted societies in South and Southeast Asia: Explain how Islam impacted societies in South and Southeast Asia: Explain how Buddhism impacted societies in South and Southeast Asia: What role did Sufi missionaries play in spreading Islam? This includes China's Song Dynasty, which used classical Confucianism and an imperial bureaucracy to sustain and defend its authority. The texts chronicle the northern transmission from Kashmir to modern Iran and Central Asia from the first century ce onwards in various kingdoms (the last was Tibet, during the seventh to eighth centuries) and China (first century), and from the latter to Korea (fifth century) and thence to Japan (sixth century); and the southern transmission from northeast and central India to Sri Lanka, and from there (or India directly) to kingdoms in modern Burma (fifth century), the Maldives (seventh century), the Malay Peninsula and Indonesian archipelago (fifth century), Thailand (seventh century), Cambodia (fifth century), southern Vietnam (fifth century), and Laos (twelfth century). Advertisement Advertisement 1, pp. 2829 (Oxford, 1993). We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. As the Abbasid Caliphate fragmented, new Islamic political entities emerged, most of which were dominated by Turkic peoples. The passage in question was not portrayed as a commission to all Buddhists; the point was that only the first sixty (and presumably subsequent) saints were free to wander forth unguided by the monastic discipline. It still influenced civilization through Buddhist monks, monasteries, priests as advisors to monarchs in some areas, Majapahit Kingdom, etc 20 role did Sufi missionaries play in spreading Islam? What role did missionaries play in spreading Buddhism? (Refe Yes, Hinduism is a religion that originated from the Indian subcontinent some 4000 years ago. . Probably the earliest use of the English term Buddhist mission was in George Turnour's "Examination of the Pali Buddhistical Annals," Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal 7, no. They were a smaller group that was very wealthy, they ran as a bureaucracy and were very organized, a lot of them practiced Confucianism and dowism Confucianism It was basically social harmony everyone knew their place What effects did Confucianism have on song china's political system CANON . The creation of modern Buddhist missions was continuous with a long history of taking up and "Buddhicizing" non-Buddhist religious forms, ideas, and practices that truly does stretch back to the time of the Buddha himself; it has been nurtured in this case by an ability to find new meanings in the ancient Buddhist texts about preaching and hagiographies of the various "pleasers" of significance to different traditions, and by relaxing monastic discipline in contexts where specific minor rules prove unfeasible. In addition to these formal transmissions, groups of Buddhists periodically, from the Buddha's time to the present, have moved into new regions, establishing at the grass roots their own versions of the dispensation, at least through their presence, and often with much more lasting effect. The "great commission" is an ancient passage found already reworked in three canonical Buddha biographies, the Mahvagga of the Vinaya, the Mrasayutta of the Samyutta Nikya and the Mahpadnasutta of the Dgha-nikya. , g was "American Progress." Direct link to Saa Marjanovi's post There is something that c, Posted 10 years ago. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Direct link to Queen bee 11's post um if Buddha starved h, Posted 3 years ago. bibliography The name of the paintin These higher levels of participation involved increasingly strict disciplinary codes but still nothing approximating the nineteenth-century idea of "conversion.". This will not only help you review content from Unit 1 (1200-1450), but also help you practice writing context statements which, if done successfully, can earn you one point on both the DBQ and LEQ essays. Direct link to paytontech's post Just so you know, it's ru, Posted 7 years ago. Important role, because they traveled to distant lands to spread Buddhist teachings. These legends, which emerged in oral traditions shortly after Aoka and were composed in their surviving written forms beginning around the first century ce, include colorful stories about these monks' encounters in various regions, emphasizing their supernormal attainments. State formation and development demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity, including the new Hindu and Buddhist states that emerged in South and Southeast Asia, In the Americas, as in Afro-Eurasia, state systems demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity, and expanded in scope and reach, In Africa, as in Eurasia and the Americas, state systems demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity, and expanded in scope and reach. At Ajanta, the earliest phase of construction also belongs to the Hinayana (lesser vehicle) phase of Buddhism (in which no human image of the Buddha was created). . At the same time, as mentioned above, Buddhist mission was central to the classification of religions into "world" and "national" types, a classification whose persistence (sometimes in modified language) belies its foundation in fact, despite the problematically "missionary" framework through which the global reach strongly characteristic only of Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam has been theorized. Historical Developments. Hinduism, Islam, and Buddhism, and their core beliefs and practices, continued to shape societies in South and Southeast Asia. These medieval popularizersranging from the authors of Sinhala devotional writings to charismatic Japanese figures like Ippen, Shinran, and Nichirenexpressed motivations to increase universal access to the dharma, which represents the closest Buddhist approximation of missionary spirit (mostly confined to what Christians called home mission ). Encyclopedia of Religion. they went to different places and spread their religion. Describe the Abbasid Caliphate (include SPICE-T characteristics): Explain the causes of the expansion of Muslim rule; how and where did it expand before 1450? No single reason accounts for all these transmissions; scholars have suggested various factors that contributed to the spread of the dispensation. Explain the significance of the House of Wisdom in Abbasid Baghdad: , and their core beliefs and practices, continued to shape societies in South and Southeast Asia. The underlying virtue that motivates the Buddha to assent to preach is compassion (karu ), one of the four "godly states" (brahmavihra ) that constitutes buddhahood. Scholars agree on the basic chronology of this spread of the dispensation because its formal establishment regularly resulted in Buddhist construction projects that survive as archaeological evidence, the creation of monastic lineages and schools, and textual accounts of the event(s), preserved and embellished in the different regions. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Encyclopedia of Religion. Bhaja Caves, c. 3rd century B.C.E. And in the late twentieth century, Buddhist missionaries in the West even developed formal conversion ceremonies to match the expectations of converts there. African Americans Empires and states in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity in the 13th century. Which is correct poinsettia or poinsettia? Explain the causes and consequences of political decentralization in Europe from c. 1200 to 1450. What role did missionaries play in spreading buddhism? He used the Buddha's dharma to reform his government and sent Buddhist missionaries throughout India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, China, and North Africa. The Buddha was born into the Shakya or lion clan. Missionaries played an important role in spreading Buddhism because they traveled to distant lands to spread Buddhistteachings. Later Buddhists as far afield as China and southeast Asia sometimes directly extended the Aoka legendor even the Buddha's own preaching careerto include their own kingdoms. AP World History Unit 2 - 600 B.C.E.- 600 C.E. Preach the dharma, monks, which is lovely at the beginning, lovely in the middle, lovely at the end, in meaning and sound. um if Buddha starved himself then how is the future Buddha "chubby"? What is the name of the central teachings of Buddhism. Check it out! For texts of the legends of Aoka and Chinese pilgrims' accounts see the separate entry on Aoka and its bibliography. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". North "Missions: Buddhist Missions In the early years of Buddhism, following the practices of contemporary religions such as Hinduism and Jainism (and other faiths that no longer exist), monks dedicated themselves to an ascetic life (a practice of self-denial particular to the pursuit of religious or spiritual goals) wandering the country with no permanent living quarters. garden hose storage ideas diy, firefighter locker name plates, sample dedication message for flag flown over capitol,
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